Late Agricultural Age (1546 to 1601 AD; 423 to 368 BT) Old Earth Danish astronomer who made extensive and seminal calculations of the orbits of the planets. His work, done before the invention of optical telescopes, was the basis upon which Kepler made his revolutionary orbital formula. He worked with Kepler for a few years before his death, observed the "new star" (a nova) in Cassiopeia in 1572, and realized that comets existed outside the atmosphere. Although he incorrectly believed that the Earth was at the centre of the universe and that the Sun and the stars revolved around the Earth, he did accept part of the Copernican theory, that the other planets orbit the Sun. According to legend he had a nose made of gold, having lost most of his real nose in a duel over mathematics